Baseline observations will be performed on the night side but observations at all times of day are possible. A nadir pointed high-resolution infrared spectrometer is the ideal instrument for these observations at the1♰ μm, 1♷ μm, and 2♰ – 2♳ μm atmospheric windows that permit measurements of the lower atmosphere during the night, and above the clouds during the day. VenSpec-H instrument will detect and quantify SO2, H2O and HDO in the lower atmosphere, to enable characterisation of volcanic plumes and other sources of gas exchange with the surface of Venus, complementing VenSAR and VenSpec-M surface and SRS subsurface observations. These components are optimised for Venus atmospheric observations in the spectral range 1.0–2.5 μm. It is an echelle grating spectrometer coupled to a high-performance, actively-cooled SOFRADIR HgCdTe detector, with an Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter (AOTF) at its entrance for order selection (. VenSpec-H is a high-resolution infrared spectrometer working in nadir viewing mode.
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